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Volume 19, Issue 2 (2026)
J Med Edu Dev 2026, 19(2): 12-27 |
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Ethics code: KET-814/UN2.F1/ETIK/PPM.00.02/2024
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Ikhsan M, Arif L S, Pujitresnani A, Parastry A, Safitri N, Shadrina A, et al . Needs and challenges in implementing a virtual reality-based assisted reproductive technologies training: a mixed methods study. J Med Edu Dev 2026; 19 (2) :12-27
URL: http://edujournal.zums.ac.ir/article-1-2627-en.html
URL: http://edujournal.zums.ac.ir/article-1-2627-en.html
Muhammad Ikhsan1 
, Luthfi Saiful Arif *2 , Arierta Pujitresnani3 , Annisa Parastry4 , Nurul Safitri4 , Amalia Shadrina1 , Mila Maidarti1 , Achmad Kemal Harzif1 , Gita Pratama1 , Kanadi Sumapraja1 , R Muharam1 , Budi Wiweko1 , Andon Hestiantoro1
, Luthfi Saiful Arif *2 , Arierta Pujitresnani3 , Annisa Parastry4 , Nurul Safitri4 , Amalia Shadrina1 , Mila Maidarti1 , Achmad Kemal Harzif1 , Gita Pratama1 , Kanadi Sumapraja1 , R Muharam1 , Budi Wiweko1 , Andon Hestiantoro1
1- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia & Human Reproductive, Fertility and Family Planning Research Center Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
2- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia & Medical Education Center Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia ,luthfisaifularif@gmail.com
3- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
4- Department of Business Administrative Science, Faculty of Administrative Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
2- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia & Medical Education Center Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia ,
3- Medical Technology Cluster, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, DKI Jakarta, Indonesia
4- Department of Business Administrative Science, Faculty of Administrative Science, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, Indonesia
Abstract: (27 Views)
Background & Objective: Virtual Reality (VR)-based simulation is increasingly recognized as a promising educational tool to address limitations in conventional training for Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART), such as ethical constraints, limited patient availability, and uneven procedural exposure. In Indonesia, access to structured training in Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) and Embryo Transfer (ET) remains limited. This study explores the needs, challenges, and gender-related perspectives surrounding the implementation of VR-based ART training.
Materials & Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was applied. The qualitative phase used two focus group discussions (FGDs) with 15 obstetricians and gynecologists and residents. Findings from the FGDs phase informed the development of a structured questionnaire used in the quantitative phase. The quantitative phase involved an online survey of 100 obstetrics and gynecology doctors and residents. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were examined using thematic analysis.
Results: Two themes and six sub-themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1) perceived needs for VR-based ART training, and (2) challenges in VR-based ART training. Quantitatively, over 80% of respondents had no prior VR training experience, although most expressed positive attitudes toward VR as a supplemental educational tool. Gender differences were identified, with male respondents reporting greater confidence in VR’s practicality, interactivity, and ease of use, while female respondents more often expressed neutral or cautious agreement.
Conclusion: VR-based ART training holds significant potential to strengthen IUI and ET training in Indonesia, particularly by providing safe, standardized, and repeatable practice opportunities. However, successful implementation requires culturally sensitive planning, investment in infrastructure, gender-responsive design, and regulatory support. Addressing identified challenges early will be key to scalable and sustainable VR integration into medical education.
Materials & Methods: An exploratory sequential mixed-methods design was applied. The qualitative phase used two focus group discussions (FGDs) with 15 obstetricians and gynecologists and residents. Findings from the FGDs phase informed the development of a structured questionnaire used in the quantitative phase. The quantitative phase involved an online survey of 100 obstetrics and gynecology doctors and residents. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, while qualitative data were examined using thematic analysis.
Results: Two themes and six sub-themes emerged from the qualitative data: (1) perceived needs for VR-based ART training, and (2) challenges in VR-based ART training. Quantitatively, over 80% of respondents had no prior VR training experience, although most expressed positive attitudes toward VR as a supplemental educational tool. Gender differences were identified, with male respondents reporting greater confidence in VR’s practicality, interactivity, and ease of use, while female respondents more often expressed neutral or cautious agreement.
Conclusion: VR-based ART training holds significant potential to strengthen IUI and ET training in Indonesia, particularly by providing safe, standardized, and repeatable practice opportunities. However, successful implementation requires culturally sensitive planning, investment in infrastructure, gender-responsive design, and regulatory support. Addressing identified challenges early will be key to scalable and sustainable VR integration into medical education.
Keywords: education, medical, embryo transfer, insemination, artificial, reproductive techniques, assisted, virtual reality
Article Type : Orginal Research |
Subject:
Medical Education
Received: 2025/10/21 | Accepted: 2026/02/18 | Published: 2026/04/1
Received: 2025/10/21 | Accepted: 2026/02/18 | Published: 2026/04/1
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