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Background: Faculty members’ performance in administrative services to academy and society is considered in their academic promotion criteria. This study assesses the reasonability and attainability of these indicators according to the faculty members working in Iranian Medical Universities in 2011-2012. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed in 13 medical universities in Iran. Using stratified sampling, 350 faculty members were selected. A researcher-made questionnaire was used to assess the attainability and reasonability of service indicators mentioned in promotion bylaw with a scoring scale of 1-5. Mean and standard deviation of scores for each indicator was calculated. Results: The total mean scores of 11 service indicators, for reasonability and attainability were 32.18(±12.11) and 39.37(±11.58), out of 55, respectively. The highest reasonability scores belonged to “being administrator of research projects”, “administrating activities in Educational Development Center (EDC)”, and “managerial activities in different levels”. The highest attainability scores were given to “administrative activities in scientific journals”, “being administrator of research projects”, “administrating activities in Educational Development Center (EDC)”, and “effective work in scientific associations”. Conclusion: Faculty members did not rate service indicators mentioned in promotion bylaw as much reasonable, but believed that they are somehow attainable. Revision of these indicators to make them more relevant to the responsibility values is recommended. Also developing management skills and providing appropriate partnership opportunities for faculty members’ service tasks, and facilitating their cooperation with scientific journals and associations, could improve the attainability of these indicators.

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Background and objective: Information literacy said to skills that a person needs in order to survive in the information society.The purpose of this research is to determine the level of information literacy among students of Ardabil University of medical sciences. Materials and Methods: In this descriptive – analytical study, data collected for 150 students by a questionnaire and then collected data analyzed by statistical methods in SPSS software. Results: The mean of literacy information score in students was 40.5 (SD=7.5) and in Medicine and Para medicine faculty students with score 41 (SD=8.2) was more than others. The Most of students with 35.3% use university system research and 24.6% use from Journals share with Ardabil University of Medical science. Conclusion: according to the results, Information literacy skills between students were in moderate level and attention to this concept as a key pillar in education and research was necessary.

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Introduction: In modern models of learning, learner’s readiness is so important that its importance has been emphasized for active participation and self-motivation of learners. Because it plays an important role in learning. Interprofessional education is one of the new models with enhanced cooperation, quality of services and improves patient care. This study aimed to assess readiness of medical, nursing and radiology students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences for interprofessional learning as well as examine its correlation with some demographic variables. Methods: this was a cross-sectional descriptive study in 2013-2014.Samples were recruited through convenience sampling method from of medical, nursing and radiology students of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Data were gathered through the Readiness for Inter Professional Learning Scale (RIPLS). Results: 330 students filled the questionnaires among which 305 questionnaires were subjected to analysis. They were recruited from nursing, radiology and medicine. The mean score for nursing discipline was 72/19, for radiology was 72/84 and for medicine was 68/45. Also the standard deviation of students’ scores, respectively, was 36/9, 86/7 and 85/9. There were no significant correlation between readiness for interprofessional readiness and contextual variables consisted of gender and discipline. There is a significant correlation between interprofessional readiness of students in mediine and radiology and variable consisted of age, but this wasn’t in nursing students. Conclusion: Regarding the acceptable (higher than mean score) students’ readiness, and Insignificant relationship between the students’ readiness and contextual variables, Educational planners and managers have an opportunity to take steps to the development of interprofessional education with Fewer restrictions and by considering the other factors.

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Background and Objective: Learning based on new technologies has improved educational system deficiencies and brought about major changes in educational system. In order to implement this new method of teaching, this study aimed to determine students' readiness in Zanjan Medical Sciences University.

Materials and Methods:  In a cross-sectional study, e-learning readiness of 120 students was investigated using random stratified sampling. Data collection instruments included demographic and Watkins standard e-learning readiness questionnaire. Readiness was calculated in three low, moderate and good levels. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square test.

Result: By considering all the aspects of e-learning readiness, the results showed the majority of students had a good level of readiness. Readiness of students in 4 aspects of access to technology, motivation, ability to learn through media, online group discussions were moderate and in the aspects of communication skills, major factor of success in e-learning were good. Level of readiness significantly associated with students’ course study (0.001) and educational level (0.006) while this relationship was not significant with the students’ sex, age, and semester.

Conclusion: Despite the fact that the majority of students had a good readiness, the readiness of other elements such as organizations, managers, and teachers also should be considered. Regarding the relationship between demographic factors and readiness, the appropriate intervention to improve the level of readiness, especially among undergraduate students is necessary.

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Background & Objectives: Entrepreneurship and enhancing entrepreneurial activities can be considered as an appropriate stimulus for the growth and development of communities and also for increasing the income and finally for improving people lives. The present study was done to evaluate the entrepreneurship spirit of students in Kurdistan and Kermanshah Universities of Medical Sciences, 2015-2016.

Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. The populations of the study  were Kurdistan and Kermanshah Universities of Medical Sciences, the  students, of which  were 500 who selected by classified random sampling using a proportional allocation. A questionnaire including 45 items was used to collect data on entrepreneurial spirit. In order to describe and analyze the collected data  the descriptive statistics including frequency, mean, standard deviation and Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis was used.

Results: The mean score of entrepreneurship among studied students was equal to 29.69±5.07. The scores in Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences students and Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences students were 29.89±5.13 and 29.52±5.03 respectively. The Entrepreneurial spirit between the two universities, did not show  statistically  a significant difference (P=0.98).

Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that students of both universities in most areas of the entrepreneurial spirit had high entrepreneurial spirit (above average). This can be a favorable ground for implementing programs related to the development and entrepreneurship training.

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Background and Objective: Asymmetric distribution of knowledge and technology in globalization era, and the necessity of global interactions for universities have led them to enter into international scientific collaboration (ISC) and strategic evaluation of status quo is required for effective participation in it. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the ISC of top Iranian universities using SWOT analysis.
Materials and Methods: This was an applied descriptive survey. 432 faculty members of the top 12 universities were selected through a stratified sampling. The data-collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire whose content validity was confirmed by experts and counterparts and its reliability was calculated using Cronbach's alpha equal to 0.816. Data analyzed through Fuzzy BWM.
Result: The most important strengths included increasing presence of researchers at international conferences, and the existence of suitable international development platforms in universities; weaknesses included inadequacy of faculty annual grants, and university administrators' lack of knowledge about ISC; opportunities included the youthfulness of Iran's population, the lifting of some sanctions against Iran and international community's new appetence to acceptance of Iran in international academic consortia and finally important threats included the economic downturn in most countries; lack of political platform for ISC and the spread of Islam and Iran phobia around the world.
Conclusion: International Scientific Collaboration is required for meeting many objectives of the Iran development plans, and is strongly influenced by the specific cultural, political, religious and international conditions of Iran. Top universities must meet the international academic standards and audit the requirements of international community.

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