fa طراحی و اعتبارسنجی ابزاری برای ارزشیابی برنامه ی درسی دوره بالینی پزشکی از نظر پاسخ‌گویی اجتماعی آموزش Education پژوهشي اصیل Orginal Research <div style="text-align: justify;"><strong><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">زمینه و هدف:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">دانش‌آموختگان</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">پزشکی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">باید</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">شایستگی‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">لازم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">برای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">پاسخ‌گویی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">به</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">نیازهای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">جامعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">را</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">دوران</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">تحصیل</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">کسب نمایند. این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">امر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مستلزم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">برنامه‌&shy;ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">درسی،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">بازنگری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">بهبود</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">کیفی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">آن</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">است. این</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مطالعه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">باهدف</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">طراحی ابزاری</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">معتبر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">پایا</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">جهت</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ارزشیابی برنامه‌&shy;ی درسی دوره&shy;‌ی بالینی از نظر پاسخ‌گویی اجتماعی انجام شد.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">روش بررسی:</span></span></strong> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">این پژوهش یک مطالعه ترکیبی است که طی سه مرحله در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">سال 1396و در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">دانشگاه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">علوم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">پزشکی تبریز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">انجام شد. در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مرحله اول</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">از روش تحلیل محتوای کیفی، ویژگی‌های برنامه&shy;‌ی درسی دوره&shy;‌ی بالینی پزشکی براساس رویکرد پاسخ‌گویی اجتماعی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">تبیین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">گردید.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مرحله‌&shy;ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">دوم،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ابعاد و گویه‌های</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ابزار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">استفاده</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">نتایج</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">بخش</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">کیفی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مطالعه و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">بررسی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">متون</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">معتبر و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مرتبط با</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">موضوع</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">پژوهش تدوین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">گردید،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">و</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مرحله&shy;‌ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">سوم</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">نیز</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">روایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">صوری،</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">روایی محتوا و پایایی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ابزار تعیین گردید.</span></span><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">یافته‌ها</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">:</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">طی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مرحله‌&shy;ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">اول</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">پژوهش، ویژگی‌های برنامه‌&shy;ی درسی دوره&shy;‌ی بالینی از نظر پاسخ‌گویی اجتماعی تبیین</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">گردید.</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">در</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">مرحله&shy;‌ی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">دوم، ابزار اولیه</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">در 4</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">حیطه و 55 گویه طراحی شد. در مرحله&shy;‌ی سوم، اعتبارسنجی</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ابزار انجام پذیرفت و ابزار (با 40 گویه) روا گردید که نمره تأثیر</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">آیتم گویه‌ها بالاتر از 5/1، </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">CVR</span></span></span><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;"> و </span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family:times new roman,serif;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">CVI</span></span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">در هر گویه به ترتیب بالاتر از 59/0 و 79/0 و پایایی ابزار</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">با استفاده از</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ضریب</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">آلفای</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">کرونباخ&nbsp; 97/0 برآورد گردید.</span></span><a name="_GoBack"></a><br> <strong><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">نتیجه‌گیری</span></span></strong><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">:</span></span> <span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ابزار </span></span><span style="font-family:b lotus;"><span style="font-size:10.5pt;">ارزشیابی در 4 حیطه و 40 گویه طراحی شد که از روایی محتوایی، روایی صوری و پایایی خوبی برخوردار است. این ابزار می‌تواند برای ارزشیابی برنامه‌&shy;ی درسی دوره&shy;‌ی بالینی پزشکی از نظر پاسخ‌گویی اجتماعی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.</span></span></div> <strong>Background & Objective: </strong>Medical graduates must acquire the necessary competencies to address the needs of the community during their studies. This requires the evaluation, modification, and quality improvement of the curriculum. The present study aimed to develop a valid and reliable instrument for the evaluation of the curriculum of clinical medicine in terms of social accountability.<br> <strong>Materials and Methods: </strong>This combined study was conducted in three stages at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2015. In the first stage, qualitative content analysis and features of the curriculum of clinical medicine were determined based on the social accountability approach. In the second stage, the dimensions and items of the instrument were codified using the results of the qualitative stage of the study and by reviewing credible manuscripts relevant to the research subject. In the third stage, the face validity, content validity, and reliability of the instrument were assessed.<br> <strong>Results: </strong>In the first stage of the study, features of the curriculum of clinical medicine were determined based on social accountability. In the second stage, the initial instrument was developed with 4 dimensions and 55 items. In the third stage, the instrument was validated with 40 items. The effects score of the items was <1.5, and the CVR and CVI of each item were <0.59 and <0.79, respectively. In addition, the reliability of the instrument was confirmed at the Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha of 0.97.<br> <strong>Conclusion: </strong>The evaluation instrument was developed with 4 dimensions and 40 items, which had good content validity, face validity, and reliability. Therefore, the instrument could be used for the evaluation of the curriculum of clinical medicine in terms of social accountability.<br> &nbsp; طراحی ابزار, اعتبارسنجی, ارزشیابی برنامه ی درسی, آموزش پزشکی, آموزش بالینی, پاسخ‌گویی اجتماعی Instrument Design,Validation,Evaluation of Curriculum,Medical Education,Clinical Education,Social Accountability 1 12 http://edujournal.zums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-12-211-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Yousef Adib یوسف ادیب Yousef_Adib@yahoo.com 5300319475328460010302 5300319475328460010302 No Department of Educational Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. Eskandar Fathiazar اسکندر فتحی آذر e-fathiazar@tabrizu.ac.ir 5300319475328460010303 5300319475328460010303 No Department of Educational Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran گروه علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران. Mahasti Alizadeh مهستی علیزاده alizadehm@tbzmed.ac.ir 5300319475328460010304 5300319475328460010304 No Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. مرکز تحقیقات عوامل اجتماعی مؤثر بر سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران Gholamali Dehghani غلامعلی دهقانی ali_1018@yahoo.com 5300319475328460010305 5300319475328460010305 Yes Student and Cultural Affairs, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. معاونت دانشجویی و فرهنگی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران